Guide to Malaga

Conclusion
Although the other states of the peninsula were not directly subordinate to London, the sultans had British advisors at their court. The four northern states of Perlis, Kedah, Kelantan and Terengganu were under the control of Thailand until 1909. The territory of the present state of Sabah was a British protectorate, which had originally belonged to the Sultanate of Brunei and Sultanate Sulu and was administered under the name Norborne by the British Norborne Company. Sarawak's vast forest area was the personal property of the British Brooke family, which had received the land as a fief from the Sultan of Brunei and ruled it as White Rajas for nearly a century. During the Second World War, today's Malaysia was occupied by Japan. During this time, support for the country's independence grew from the European colonial power. The British plans to establish a Malayan Union were rejected by many Malays. They demanded a system that more closely accommodated the wishes of the Malays, excluded Singapore from the Sinification of the country, and denied immigrants double citizenship. On August 31, 1957, the Federation of Malaya, consisting of the nine Malay Sultanates and the two Straits Settlements Penang and Malacca, gained their independence. On September 16, 1963, a new federation was founded under the name Malaysia, which included the Federation of Malaya, the British crown colony of Singapore and the protectorates of North Borneo (now Sabah) and Sarawak. The early years were dictated by territorial claims by neighbours, notably Indonesia's confrontation, [9] [10] Singapore's withdrawal from the federation in 1965, and the Sabah dispute, in which the Philippines defeated the Claim to Sabah

Straits Settlements. This governor in turn was subordinate to the Colonial Office in London.

Peninsula
The Malay Peninsula became a major trading centre in Southeast Asia as trade between China and India began to flourish. At that time, the street of Malacca started a busy life. The first Malay kingdoms were created by harbours founded in the 10th century. The most important early kingdoms were Langkasuka and Lumbar Busan in Kedah, Berea’s and Gaga Negara in Perak and Pan in Kelantan. Islam arrived in Terengganu in the 14th century. In the early 15th century, the sultanate of Malacca was founded. Its wealth attracted Portugal's interest. The port then became a centre of colonization by the Dutch and the British. The British crown colony Straits Settlements was founded in 1826 and England gradually gained control of the rest of the peninsula. The Straits Settlements included Penang, Singapore and Malacca. Penang was founded in 1786 by Captain Francis Light and served as a military and trading base. Its meaning was soon overtaken by Singapore, which was founded in 1819 by Sir Stamford Raffles. Malacca was finally British owned by the English-Dutch Treaty of 1824. The colony was ruled by the British East India Company based in Calcutta until their seat was relocated to London in 1867. At about the same time, British policy towards the Malay states became increasingly aggressive. Within a few years, several Malay states on the west coast of the peninsula came under British control. At the instigation of traders who sat in the crown colonies, the government interfered in the affairs of the tin-producing states. At the same time, the British colonial power had to pacify civil wars and disturbances by Chinese secret societies. The British, with their military might, brought about a peaceful solution favoured by merchants. With the Treaty of Angkor in 1874, the way was cleared for British rule. In 1896, the four sultanates Pahang, Selangor, Perak and Nigeria Sembilan were combined into the Federated Malay States, which were under the commissioner of Singapore. This was also the governor of the